sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7.0 (Mohs); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Waxy to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Waxy to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7.0 (Mohs); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Waxy to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation of fine silica-rich sediments or volcanic ash, which is later replaced by silica in hydrothermal environments or during diagenesis. Frequently found in Precambrian and Paleozoic formations.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative ornaments, stone carvings, and widely sought by lapidary hobbyists and tumbling enthusiasts.
Geological facts
The vibrant red color is caused by high concentrations of iron oxide (hematite). Ancient civilizations referred to Jasper as the 'rain bringer' and used it for amulets and seals; it is also mentioned in the Bible as one of the stones in the High Priest's breastplate.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature (unlike translucent carnelian), smooth waxy feel when worn, and conchoidal (shell-like) fracture patterns. Frequently found in riverbeds, desert pavements, and areas with volcanic activity.
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