sedimentary

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Red to reddish-brown (from iron oxide), Luster: Dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6

Identified June 22, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Red to reddish-brown (from iron oxide), Luster: Dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains, typically quartz or feldspar. The red color suggests deposition in an oxygenated environment like a desert or riverbed, allowing hematite (iron oxide) to coat the grains.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in construction (tiles, pavers), landscaping, and dimension stone for buildings. Finely ground sandstone is also used in glass and various industrial abrasives.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of Earth's sedimentary rocks. Famous structures like the treasury at Petra and the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering. It is common in arid regions, coastal areas, and river basins. Can be found in abundance across the American Southwest (e.g., Arizona, Utah).