mineraloid

Amber (Copal)

Fossilized Tree Resin

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 Mohs; Color: Yellow, orange, reddish-brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10

Hardness: 2
Color: Yellow, orange, reddish-brown
Luster: Resinous

Identified July 6, 2026More mineraloid →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 Mohs; Color: Yellow, orange, reddish-brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous; Specific gravity: 1.05-1.10

Formation & geological history

Formed from the fossilization of resin from ancient coniferous or angiosperm trees through polymerization over millions of years (Paleogene to Cretaceous) or more recently as Copal.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in jewelry making, ornamental carvings, and for scientific study of inclusions like trapped insects or plant matter.

Geological facts

Amber is not a true mineral because it is organic and lacks a crystal structure. It is one of the few organic gemstones, along with pearl and coral.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its lightweight feel, warmth to the touch, and ability to generate static electricity when rubbed. Found in coastal regions like the Baltic or in sedimentary deposits in Myanmar and the Dominican Republic.