mineral
Amethyst and Smoky Quartz (Tumbled)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace impurities iron (Amethyst) and aluminum/radiation (Smoky Quartz)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Colors: Purple, violet, smoky brown, black; Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Luster
- Vitreous/glassy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Colors: Purple, violet, smoky brown, black; Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in igneous and metamorphic environments, specifically in hydrothermal veins and basaltic geodes. Purple color comes from iron irradiation; smoky color comes from natural gamma irradiation of aluminum impurities.
Uses & applications
Ornamental use, jewelry (cabochons and beads), metaphysical practices, and mineral collection.
Geological facts
Amethyst was considered a cardinal gem until large deposits were found in Brazil. Its name comes from the Ancient Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to prevent drunkenness.
Field identification & locations
Identify by purple and smoky hues, glass-like luster, and lack of cleavage. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and the USA. Collectors look for clarity and deep color saturation.
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