igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-grey with visible dark specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Coarse-grained (phaneritic); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Pinkish-grey with visible dark specks
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-grey with visible dark specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Coarse-grained (phaneritic); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. Found in continental crust, often appearing in mountain ranges or shield areas from the Precambrian and Paleozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the most common rocks on Earth, making up much of the continental crust. It is primarily composed of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica and amphiboles.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its interlocking coarse mineral grains and speckled appearance. Common in batholiths and mountain cores. Look for a mix of light-colored minerals and dark mafic minerals.
