mineral
Amethyst (Rough)
Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous/Glassy; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Purple, violet, or lavender
- Luster
- Vitreous/Glassy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous/Glassy; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and cavities (geodes) of igneous rocks, specifically through the cooling of silica-rich water with trace amounts of iron and irradiation.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry making, lapidary arts, and as collector specimens; also popular in metaphysical and spiritual practices.
Geological facts
Amethyst was considered a 'Precious Stone' until the discovery of large deposits in Brazil in the 19th century. Its name comes from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated'.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct purple hue and crystal habit; often found in volcanic rock regions like Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and Arizona. It will scratch glass but cannot be scratched by a steel knife.
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Mineral
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Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
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