gemstone
Amethyst
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Purple, violet
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms primarily within geodes and igneous rock cavities through hydrothermal processes. The purple color results from irradiation of iron impurities in quartz over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Specifically used as a gemstone for jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings) and as a decorative mineral specimen for collectors and healers.
Geological facts
Amethyst is the birthstone for February. Its name comes from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was historically believed to protect against drunkenness.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive purple hue and crystal habit. Common locations include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. In the field, look for purple crystals inside hollow volcanic geodes.
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