gemstone
Amethyst
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, purple to violet color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, purple to violet color, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed in volcanic rocks (basalts) through hydrothermal processes where silica-rich solutions fill gas cavities (vugs or geodes), often occurring over millions of years in hydrothermal veins.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry, decorative items, lapidary arts, and prized by crystal collectors and spiritual practitioners.
Geological facts
Ancient Greeks believed amethyst prevented intoxication, which is reflected in its name derived from the Greek 'amethystos' meaning 'not drunken'. The purple color is caused by irradiation and trace amounts of iron.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinct purple coloration and hardness of 7. Commonly sourced from Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and the USA.
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