sedimentary
Anthracite Coal
Anthracite (Metamorphosed Carbon)
Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Jet black to dark grey; Luster: Sub-metallic to vitreous; Structure: Amorphous; Fracture: Conchoidal; Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.8
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- Jet black to dark grey
- Luster
- Sub-metallic to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Jet black to dark grey; Luster: Sub-metallic to vitreous; Structure: Amorphous; Fracture: Conchoidal; Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deep burial and extreme pressure/heat application to peat and lignite over millions of years (typically Carboniferous period). It is the highest grade of coal.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for high-efficiency heating and as a chemical feedstock; occasionally used in decorative carvings or jewelry (though less common than Jet).
Geological facts
Anthracite has the highest carbon count (86%-97%) and the fewest impurities of all coal types. It burns with a short, blue, smokeless flame.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its bright metallic luster, deep black color that doesn't rub off on hands easily, and its lightweight feel. Commonly found in Pennsylvania, USA, and parts of China and Russia.
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