sedimentary

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite

Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Iron-black to dark grey; Luster: Sub-metallic to brilliant; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.4

Hardness: 2
Color: Iron-black to dark grey
Luster: Sub-metallic to brilliant

Identified July 8, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.5-3.0 Mohs; Color: Iron-black to dark grey; Luster: Sub-metallic to brilliant; Structure: Amorphous (non-crystalline); Specific Gravity: 1.3-1.4

Formation & geological history

Formed through the metamorphism of peat and lower-grade coal during intense pressure and heat associated with mountain building (orogeny); geological age is typically Carboniferous.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a high-grade fuel for domestic heating and metallurgy due to its high carbon content and low impurities; also used in water filtration systems.

Geological facts

Anthracite is the highest rank of coal, containing 86-97% carbon. It burns with a short, blue, smokeless flame. It accounts for only about 1% of global coal reserves.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its shiny, black, glass-like appearance and its relative hardness compared to other coals. It does not soil fingers when handled, unlike bituminous coal. Found in Pennsylvania, USA, and parts of Wales and China.