igneous
Apache Tear (Obsidian)
Volcanic Glass (Amorphous Silicon Dioxide)
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Black to dark smoky brown, Luster: Vitreous/glassy, Crystal structure: Amorphous, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture)
- Hardness
- 5-5
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5-5.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Black to dark smoky brown, Luster: Vitreous/glassy, Crystal structure: Amorphous, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture)
Formation & geological history
Formed from rapidly cooling silicic lava. They are specific rounded nodules of obsidian found within perlite matrices, often associated with Tertiary-age volcanic events.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone for jewelry, in lithotherapy, and as a popular collector's specimen. It was historically used for sharp tools and arrowheads.
Geological facts
Legend says they were formed from the tears of Apache women mourning warriors who jumped off a cliff rather than be captured. When held to the light, many appear translucent.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its smooth, glassy texture and translucency when backlit. Often found in the Southwestern United States, particularly Arizona. Known for its distinct rounded shape.
