sedimentary

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Opaque brown, tan, and creamy white; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Opaque brown, tan, and creamy white
Luster: Vitreous to waxy

Identified March 2, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Opaque brown, tan, and creamy white; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Formation & geological history

Formed from the mineral-rich waters that deposit silica into ash or sediment layers, which then solidify under pressure. This specific variety often originates from desert environments where iron oxides produce the tan and brown swirling patterns.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry for beads and cabochons, as well as for decorative carvings, lapidary art, and metaphysical collections.

Geological facts

Jasper is a variety of chalcedony that is made opaque by inclusions. The name comes from the Old French word 'jaspre', meaning 'spotted or speckled stone.' It is historically mentioned as one of the stones in the breastplate of the High Priest in the Bible.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its waxy luster, smoothness when broken (conchoidal fracture), and extreme hardness—it will scratch glass but cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Common locations include the Western USA, Brazil, and Madagascar.