gemstone
Aquamarine
Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18)
Hardness: 7.5-8.0; Color: Pale blue to greenish-blue; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal System: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.74
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Pale blue to greenish-blue
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8.0; Color: Pale blue to greenish-blue; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal System: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.74
Formation & geological history
Commonly forms in granitic pegmatites and metamorphic rocks (schists). Color is derived from trace amounts of iron (Fe2+) in the crystal structure.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone in high-end jewelry (rings, earrings, necklaces) and highly valued by mineral collectors.
Geological facts
The name is derived from the Latin 'aqua marina', meaning sea water. The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was the 'Dom Pedro', which weighed over 100 pounds before cutting.
Field identification & locations
Look for hexagonal prismatic crystals with light blue transparency. Commonly found in Brazil, Madagascar, Pakistan, and the United States (Colorado).
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