mineral
Aquamarine
Beryllium aluminum silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18)
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.66 to 2.80
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Pale blue to light green
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale blue to light green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific gravity: 2.66 to 2.80
Formation & geological history
Formed in granitic pegmatites and metamorphic rocks like schists. It occurs due to late-stage hydrothermal activity in cooling magma bodies where beryllium is concentrated.
Uses & applications
Primary use is in high-end jewelry as a gemstone. Lesser quality specimens are used for mineral collecting or as a minor source of beryllium for industrial alloys.
Geological facts
The name is derived from Latin, meaning 'water of the sea'. Traditionally, it was believed to protect sailors and ensure safe voyages. The largest gem-quality aquamarine ever found was the 'Minas Gerais' specimen in Brazil, weighing 110 kg.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic pale blue color, hexagonal crystal habit (if uncut), and high hardness. It is commonly found in Brazil, Madagascar, Nigeria, and Pakistan. Collectors look for clarity and intensity of blue hue.
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