sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide (SiO2 + Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale). Color: Vibrant red to brownish-red due to iron inclusions. Luster: Vitreous to waxy. Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Vibrant red to brownish-red due to iron inclusions
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale). Color: Vibrant red to brownish-red due to iron inclusions. Luster: Vitreous to waxy. Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the process of silicification in sedimentary environments where silica-rich fluids permeate through volcanic ash or deep-sea sediments. Its red color is derived from high hematite (iron) content. It can be found in formations ranging from the Archean era to modern times.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in lapidary work for tumbled stones, cabochons, and beads. Historically used for seals, amulets, and architectural ornamentation. In industry, it can be used for grinding media due to its hardness.
Geological facts
In antiquity, Red Jasper was known as the 'mother of all stones' and was often associated with bravery and strength. It is a common component of Banded Iron Formations (BIFs), which are some of the oldest rock structures on Earth.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature (it does not transmit light even on thin edges), its characteristic conchoidal fracture, and it cannot be scratched by a steel knife. Common locations include Brazil, India, Madagascar, and the Southwestern United States.
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