sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan/Brown/Buff, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan/Brown/Buff, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (clasts). It accumulates in environments such as deserts, river beds, or beaches over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing (if high silica content), and for making grindstones or artistic sculptures.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Famous landmarks like the Grand Canyon and Petra are primarily composed of various sandstone layers.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible bedding planes. Common in arid regions and coastal uplift areas. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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