sedimentary

Bituminous Coal

Bituminous coal (Lithotype: Durain/Clarain)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 0.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark brown to black; Luster: Sub-metallic to dull; Structure: Blocky or banded; Cleavage: Prismatic fracture; Specific Gravity: 1.1-1.4.

Hardness: 0
Color: Dark brown to black
Luster: Sub-metallic to dull

Identified June 28, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 0.5-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Dark brown to black; Luster: Sub-metallic to dull; Structure: Blocky or banded; Cleavage: Prismatic fracture; Specific Gravity: 1.1-1.4.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deep burial and biochemical alteration of peat layers (coalification/diagenesis) under heat and pressure over millions of years, typically during the Carboniferous period.

Uses & applications

Primarily used for electric power generation and as a raw material for making coke in the steel-making industry.

Geological facts

Bituminous coal is the most abundant rank of coal in the United States, accounting for about half of coal production. It contains 45% to 86% carbon and is often called 'soft coal'.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its black color, tendency to leave black residue on hands, and its relatively low density compared to silicate rocks. Often found in layered seams in sedimentary basins.