sedimentary
Red Sandstone (with possible iron oxide staining)
Sandstone (primarily Quartz with Hematite/Goethite cement)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Red, reddish-brown, earthy, Luster: Dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Red, reddish-brown, earthy, Luster: Dull to earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The red color suggests deposition in an oxidizing environment (terrestrial) where iron minerals rusted to form hematite cement.
Uses & applications
Construction (building stone), landscaping, glass manufacturing, and as a reservoir rock for petroleum or groundwater.
Geological facts
Red sandstones are famous for forming dramatic landscapes like the Grand Canyon and the 'Red Rocks' of Sedona. They often preserve ripples and footprints from prehistoric environments.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Look for layering or bedding planes. Common in arid or semi-arid geological basins.
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