mineral

Blue Apatite

Apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

Hardness: 5 on Mohs scale; Color: Neon blue to ocean blue; Luster: Vitreous to sub-glassy; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.16 to 3.22

Hardness: 5 on Mohs scale
Color: Neon blue to ocean blue
Luster: Vitreous to sub-glassy

Identified June 28, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5 on Mohs scale; Color: Neon blue to ocean blue; Luster: Vitreous to sub-glassy; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.16 to 3.22

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous pegmatites, metamorphic rocks like marble, and sedimentary phosphate deposits. It is the most common phosphate mineral, appearing throughout Earth's history.

Uses & applications

Primary source of phosphorus for fertilizer and chemical industry. Gem-quality specimens are used in jewelry (though soft) and are highly prized by mineral collectors for their vibrant colors.

Geological facts

Apatite is the defining mineral for level 5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. It was named by geologist Abraham Werner in 1786 from the Greek word 'apatein', meaning 'to deceive', because it was often mistaken for other minerals like beryl or tourmaline.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic blue color, hexagonal crystal habit, and its ability to be scratched by a steel knife (which separates it from harder beryl or aquamarine). Commonly found in Brazil, Madagascar, and Mexico.