gemstone

Botswana Agate

Banded Chalcedony (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Gray, pink, white, brown, and salmon; Luster: Waxy to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (cryptocrystalline); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64.

Hardness: 6
Color: Gray, pink, white, brown, and salmon
Luster: Waxy to vitreous

Identified July 6, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Gray, pink, white, brown, and salmon; Luster: Waxy to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (cryptocrystalline); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64.

Formation & geological history

Forms in volcanic rock cavities (amygdales) through the deposition of silica from groundwater. The distinct banding is created by rhythmic precipitation of silica. These specimens are approximately 180 million years old, dating back to the Jurassic period.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used for jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, and as a collectible specimen for its unique aesthetic banding patterns.

Geological facts

Botswana Agate is known as the 'Royal Agate' and is highly prized for its very fine, hair-like parallel banding and subtle, sophisticated color palette. It is unique to the Bobonong district of Botswana.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct parallel banding, lack of mossy inclusions, and smooth waxy texture when weathered. It is primarily found in Botswana, Southern Africa. Collectors look for high-contrast banding and 'eye' patterns.