gemstone
Emerald
Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆Oထ₈) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.76.
- Hardness
- 7
- Color
- Green
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7.5-8.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.76.
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium-rich fluids meet chromium or vanadium-rich rocks. Often found in metamorphic schists.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in high-end jewelry and as a gemstone for collectors.
Geological facts
Emeralds are one of the 'Big Four' precious gemstones. They often contain 'jardin' (internal inclusions) that contribute to their unique character and help identify natural vs. synthetic stones.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its distinctive hex-prism crystal habit and deep green color. Commonly found in Colombia, Brazil, and Zambia. Collectors should look for clarity and saturation of color.
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