sedimentary
Brown Jasper (Tumbled)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Chocolate brown to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (when polished); Structure: Microcrystalline quartz; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Chocolate brown to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy (when polished)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Chocolate brown to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (when polished); Structure: Microcrystalline quartz; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into sedimentary rock or volcanic ash, with high iron oxide content providing the brown coloration. Commonly found in ancient sedimentary beds.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for ornamental purposes, lapidary art, jewelry, and as a pocket stone or healing crystal in metaphysical practices.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name 'jasper' comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'. Brown varieties are often referred to as 'Egyptian Marble' historically.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its opacity (unlike translucent agate) and its smooth, waxy feel when tumbled. It is found globally, with notable deposits in South Africa, USA, and Brazil.
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