sedimentary
Brown Jasper (Water-worn pebble)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Brown, tan, and creamy white patterns; Luster: Dull to waxy; Structure: Microcrystalline quartz; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Opaque.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brown, tan, and creamy white patterns
- Luster
- Dull to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Brown, tan, and creamy white patterns; Luster: Dull to waxy; Structure: Microcrystalline quartz; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Opaque.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the precipitation of silica in sedimentary environments or volcanic ash, later rounded and smoothed by water erosion in a riverbed or beach. Ages vary widely from millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for lapidary work, jewelry (cabochons), collection, and as decorative gravel.
Geological facts
Jasper is a variety of chalcedony. The name comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning spotted stone. The brown color is typically caused by goethite or iron oxides.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (cannot be scratched by a knife), opaque nature, and smooth water-worn texture. Commonly found in riverbeds, lakeshores, and coastal areas worldwide.
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