sedimentary
Sandstone (Picture Sandstone)
Sandstone (primarily Quartz with Iron Oxide impurities)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, ochre, and reddish-purple bands; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brown, ochre, and reddish-purple bands
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, ochre, and reddish-purple bands; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments of sand size, typically in desert or river delta environments. Colors are created by iron oxides like hematite and goethite leaching through groundwater over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used as decorative building stone, for garden landscaping, and high-quality 'picture' specimens are cut into cabochons for jewelry or sold as display pieces for collectors.
Geological facts
The unique 'picture' or 'landscape' patterns are known as Liesegang rings. They are chemical precipitation patterns that form as mineral-rich fluids flow through porous rock.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering or bedding planes. Frequently found in the American Southwest (Utah and Arizona). Collectors look for sharp, high-contrast banding.
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