sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, brown, yellow, or earthy tones; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Red, brown, yellow, or earthy tones
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, brown, yellow, or earthy tones; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into volcanic ash or fine sediment. The color is derived from iron impurities. Most specimens are from the Phanerozoic eon.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in lapidary arts, jewelry (cabochons), interior decoration, and as a collector's specimen. Historically used for tools and cylinder seals.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. In ancient times, it was called the 'supreme nurturer' and has been used by civilizations including the Minoans on Crete for seals.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opacity (even when held to light) and smooth, waxy feel after weathering. Commonly found in riverbeds or mountain ranges globally.
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