sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartz Arenite)
Sandstone (SiO2 with possible mineral cements)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or greenish-grey (possibly due to chlorite or glauconite); Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None (fractures across grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or greenish-grey (possibly due to chlorite or glauconite); Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None (fractures across grains); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in river beds, deserts, or marine environments. This specimen appears weathered, likely from water transport.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in building construction as a dimension stone, as a base material in road construction, and sometimes in glass manufacturing if the quartz content is high.
Geological facts
Sandstone acts as a natural aquifer and often contains groundwater, oil, or gas within its pore spaces. It is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth's crust.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible individual grains. Often found near water bodies or in arid regions. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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