sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, brown, yellow, or grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, or grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (clasts) over millions of years. This specimen appears to be lithified sediment common in Paleozoic or Mesozoic terrestrial and coastal environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material (building stone, pavers), an abrasive in glass making, and as a reservoir rock for oil, gas, and groundwater in the energy sector.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth and makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rock total. It often contains fossils and records information about ancient environments like deserts or riverbeds.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'sandpaper' texture and visible grains. It is commonly found in basins, canyons, and coastal bluffs. For collectors, it is easily found in road cuts or riverbeds but has low mineralogical value unless it contains unique fossils or trace minerals.
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