mineral
Chrysocolla in Matrix
Hydrated copper silicates (Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·n(H2O))
Hardness: 2.5-3.5 (often harder if mixed with quartz); Color: bright cyan-blue to green with dark brown or black matrix; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: orthorhombic (usually massive or amorphous); Cleavage: none.
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- bright cyan-blue to green with dark brown or black matrix
- Luster
- vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-3.5 (often harder if mixed with quartz); Color: bright cyan-blue to green with dark brown or black matrix; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: orthorhombic (usually massive or amorphous); Cleavage: none.
Formation & geological history
Formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies where copper-bearing solutions react with silica-rich water. Common in arid climates.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as an ornamental stone, for lapidary work, jewelry, and as a minor ore of copper.
Geological facts
Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise but can be distinguished by its higher water content and lower hardness. It has been used since antiquity; the name is derived from the Greek words for 'gold' and 'glue' because it was used as a soldering agent for gold.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its vibrant blue-green color and association with copper minerals like malachite or azurite. It often adheres to the tongue due to its porous nature. Commonly found in Arizona, Chile, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Epidote
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metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
Mineral
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Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous