mineral
Chrysocolla
Hydrated copper silicate - Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·n(H2O)
Hardness: 2.5-3.5 (often harder if mixed with quartz); Color: cyan/blue-green; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal system: monoclinic; Cleavage: none; SG: 2.0-2.4
- Hardness
- 2
- Color
- cyan/blue-green
- Luster
- vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2.5-3.5 (often harder if mixed with quartz); Color: cyan/blue-green; Luster: vitreous to dull; Crystal system: monoclinic; Cleavage: none; SG: 2.0-2.4
Formation & geological history
Formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies where copper-bearing solutions interact with silica-rich water. It is a secondary mineral commonly associated with malachite, azurite, and turquoise.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a minor copper ore, a semi-precious gemstone for jewelry (cabochons and beads), and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors.
Geological facts
Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise but can be distinguished by its lack of phosphorus and different hardness. Its name comes from the Greek words 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referring to its ancient use as a soldering material for gold.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its vivid blue-green color and tendency to stick to the tongue due to its porous nature. Found globally in copper-rich regions like Arizona (USA), Chile, DRC, and Israel.
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Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Epidote
Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)
metamorphic
Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)
Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
Mineral
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Nephrite
Mineral/Rock
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
igneous