gemstone
Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 Mohs; Color: Colorless/Transparent; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 Mohs
- Color
- Colorless/Transparent
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 Mohs; Color: Colorless/Transparent; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in a wide range of geological environments, most notably in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites, where mineral-rich hot water cools and allows crystals to grow.
Uses & applications
Used in jewelry, precision instruments (quartz oscillators), glass making, and as a popular collector's specimen.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. Pure quartz is traditionally called rock crystal or clear quartz.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of air bubbles (unlike glass), and hexagonal crystal habit. Found globally in mountainous regions.
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