igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, pink, and black; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.65-2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- White, gray, pink, and black
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, pink, and black; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.65-2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock found in continental crustal masses, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used for dimension stone, countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, curbing, and as crushed stone for road construction and concrete aggregate.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a granite batholith. It is one of the hardest natural substances in the world.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its visible interlocking crystals of quartz (clear/gray), feldspar (white/pink), and mica (black flakes). Commonly found in mountain ranges and shields. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions.
