sedimentary
Conglomerate
Conglomerate (Sedimentary Clastic Rock)
Hardness: 2-7 (variable based on clasts/cement); Color: Brown, gray, or tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Amorphous clastic mass; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.1-2.6
- Hardness
- 2-7 (variable based on clasts/cement)
- Color
- Brown, gray, or tan
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2-7 (variable based on clasts/cement); Color: Brown, gray, or tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Amorphous clastic mass; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.1-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the lithification of rounded gravel and boulder-sized clasts in high-energy environments like riverbeds, alluvial fans, or beaches. Geological age ranges from Precambrian to Cenozoic.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as coarse aggregate in the construction industry and for ornamental stones or landscaping.
Geological facts
Conglomerate is often called "puddingstone" because the rounded rocks embedded in the finer matrix look like fruit in a pudding. It is a key indicator of ancient river systems.
Field identification & locations
Identify by looking for rounded pebbles or stones 'glued' together by a sandy or silty matrix. Found in sedimentary basins worldwide. Look for smooth, water-worn edges on internal rocks.
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