mineral

Copper Ore with Chrysocolla/Malachite

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate (Chrysocolla) / Copper carbonate hydroxide (Malachite)

Hardness: 2-4 (Chrysocolla) / 3.5-4 (Malachite); Color: Earthy brown matrix with turquoise-green/blue crusts; Luster: Vitreous to dull/earthy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic/Orthorhombic; Specific Gravity: 2.0-3.9

Hardness: 2-4 (Chrysocolla) / 3
Color: Earthy brown matrix with turquoise-green/blue crusts
Luster: Vitreous to dull/earthy

Identified June 29, 2026More mineral →

Explore Copper Ore with Chrysocolla/Malachite in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in the oxidation zones of copper-rich ore bodies through the weathering of primary copper minerals like chalcopyrite. Often found in arid regions.

Uses & applications

Major source of copper; high-quality specimens are used in jewelry (cabochons), lapidary arts, and mineral collecting.

Geological facts

The vibrant green and blue colors have been used as pigments for thousands of years. Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise but is generally softer and more silica-rich.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive blue-green color crusting over a dark or reddish-brown host rock (gossan). It will not fizz with acid unless malachite is present. Found in copper mines in Arizona (USA), Congo, and Chile.

Other mineral specimens

See all

Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)

Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)

Mineral

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock