sedimentary and igneous (mixed)
Crushed Stone (Gravel/Aggregates)
Crushed rock aggregate (varied composition including Granite, Limestone, and Quartz)
Hardness: 3-7 Mohs (variable); Color: multi-colored gray, tan, brown, and pink; Luster: earthy to vitreous; Crystal structure: varied; Cleavage: none to poor; Specific gravity: 2.5–2.7
- Hardness
- 3-7 Mohs (variable)
- Color
- multi-colored gray, tan, brown, and pink
- Luster
- earthy to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-7 Mohs (variable); Color: multi-colored gray, tan, brown, and pink; Luster: earthy to vitreous; Crystal structure: varied; Cleavage: none to poor; Specific gravity: 2.5–2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through mechanical crushing of larger bedrock deposits or collected as naturally weathered river rock. Often includes materials from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras depending on local quarry geology.
Uses & applications
Primary use in construction as a base material for roads, concrete, asphalt, drainage systems, and landscaping mulch.
Geological facts
Crushed stone is one of the most accessible natural resources on Earth and is the foundation of modern infrastructure. It is often referred to as 'industrial mineral' because of its high-volume utility.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the angular to sub-rounded clasts of mixed mineralogy. Found globally in quarries, riverbeds, and construction sites. Collectors often search these piles for small fossils or stray semi-precious minerals like quartz or jasper.
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