sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellow, or earthy brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, yellow, or earthy brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified May 17, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, yellow, or earthy brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in river beds, deserts, or marine environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as building stone, pavers, and decorative cladding; also a source of silica for glass manufacturing.

Geological facts

Sandstone accounts for approximately 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in Sedona, Arizona and Petra, Jordan are primarily sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grain layers. Commonly found in former river deltas and coastal areas. High porosity often makes it a reservoir for water and oil.