sedimentary
Sandstone with Iron Staining
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, and reddish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content)
- Color
- Tan, brown, and reddish-orange
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, and reddish-orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years. This piece specifically shows oxidation (iron staining) due to exposure to water and oxygen in a terrestrial environment.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction, paving, grindstones/whetstones, and glass manufacturing if pure enough.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10-25% of the sedimentary rocks on Earth. The rhythmic layering in some sandstones can record ancient tidal or seasonal cycles.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds, deserts, or marine basins. This specific sample is a common landscaping or field stone.
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