mineral

Desert Rose (Gypsum Rose)

Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) with Sand Inclusions

Hardness: 2.0 (can be scratched with a fingernail); Color: Tan, sandy brown, or white; Luster: Pearly to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Monoclinic, forming bladed rosettes; Cleavage: Perfect in one direction.

Hardness: 2
Color: Tan, sandy brown, or white
Luster: Pearly to dull/earthy

Identified July 4, 2026More mineral →

Explore Desert Rose (Gypsum Rose) in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in arid, sandy environments through the evaporation of shallow salt basins or groundwater. These crystals precipitate as moisture evaporates, trapping sand grains within the growing gypsum crystal lattice.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a collectible mineral specimen and in metaphysical or ornamental decor. Gypsum itself is used in plaster, drywall, and fertilizer.

Geological facts

Also known as the Selenite Rose. The largest desert rose ever recorded weighed over 125 pounds. They are popular because no two specimens are exactly alike due to the random way the sand grains are incorporated.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its unique flower-like 'petal' structure and soft texture. Commonly found in the Sahara Desert, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, and Oklahoma (where it is the official state rock). Avoid getting it wet as gypsum can eventually dissolve.

Other mineral specimens

See all

Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)

Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)

Mineral

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Granite

Granite (Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock)

igneous