mineral
Diamond (appearing as a jewelry centerpiece)
Diamond (Formula: C)
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (in this specimen), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric, Cleavage: Octahedral (perfect in four directions), Specific Gravity: 3.5-3.53
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (in this specimen), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric, Cleavage: Octahedral (perfect in four directions), Specific Gravity: 3.5-3.53
Formation & geological history
Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle, typically at depths of 150-250 kilometers, and brought to the surface by kimberlite eruptions. Geological age can range from 1 to 3.5 billion years.
Uses & applications
Primary use is in high-end jewelry (as seen in the ring) and industrial applications for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to its extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamond is the hardest natural substance known on Earth. Famous specimens include the Hope Diamond and the Cullinan. Its name is derived from the Greek word 'adamas', meaning unbreakable.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by any other mineral), high thermal conductivity, and distinctive adamantine luster. Common locations include South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Botswana.
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