gemstone

Diamond (in Ring Setting)

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

Hardness 10 on Mohs scale, colorless to pale white in standard transparent grades, adamantine luster, isometric/cubic crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity 3.52.

Identified July 23, 2026More gemstone →

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Physical properties

Hardness 10 on Mohs scale, colorless to pale white in standard transparent grades, adamantine luster, isometric/cubic crystal system, perfect octahedral cleavage, specific gravity 3.52.

Formation & geological history

Formed at extreme depths (150 to 200 kilometers) within Earth's mantle under intense heat and high pressure over billions of years, brought to the surface by deep-origin volcanic eruptions (kimberlite and lamproite pipes).

Uses & applications

Widely set in fine jewelry such as eternity bands and engagement rings; industrial grade diamonds are used as super-abrasives, cutting tools, and high-precision optics.

Geological facts

Diamond is the hardest known naturally occurring material. The name diamond comes from the ancient Greek word 'adamas', meaning unbreakable or invincible.

Field identification & locations

Identified in gemology by extreme hardness, high refractive index (2.42), strong dispersion (fire), and thermal conductivity testing. Major deposits exist in Russia, Botswana, Canada, and South Africa.