gemstone
Diamond (Set in Jewelry)
Carbon (C)
Mohs hardness: 10, Color: Colorless/White, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Specific Gravity: 3.52
- Luster
- Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Specific Gravity: 3
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 10, Color: Colorless/White, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Specific Gravity: 3.52
Formation & geological history
Formed under high pressure and temperature in the Earth's mantle (150-250 km deep), brought to surface via kimberlite pipes. Geological age often ranges from 1 to 3.5 billion years.
Uses & applications
Primary use in high-end jewelry (rings, pendants) and industrial applications for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to extreme hardness.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest known natural material on Earth. The name comes from the Greek word 'adamas', meaning unbreakable.
Field identification & locations
Identify by extreme hardness (can scratch all other minerals), high refractive index, and thermal conductivity. Commonly found in South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Botswana.
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Other gemstone specimens
Cubic Zirconia (simulant) or Diamond
ZrO2 (Cubic Zirconia) or C (Diamond)
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Ammolite
Ammolite (Biogenic Aragonite with trace elements; fossils of Placenticeras meeki and Placenticeras intercalare)
mineral
Cubic Zirconia (or possibly Diamond)
Zirconium dioxide (or Carbon)
gemstone
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions
sedimentary
Faceted Gemstone
Unknown transparent mineral, possibly Diamond (C), Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2), Quartz (SiO2), or Glass
gemstone
Milky Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
mineral