gemstone
Diamond
C
Hardness: 10, Color: Colorless in this instance, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal structure: Isometric, Cleavage: 111 (perfect in four directions), Specific gravity: 3.5-3.53
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10, Color: Colorless in this instance, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal structure: Isometric, Cleavage: 111 (perfect in four directions), Specific gravity: 3.5-3.53
Formation & geological history
Formed at high pressure and temperature in the Earth's mantle, brought to the surface by deep-source volcanic eruptions
Uses & applications
Predominantly used in jewelry due to its hardness and brilliance, also used in various industrial applications as an abrasive
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance. They have a refractive index of 2.417-2.419, which contributes to their characteristic brilliance. They are found in kimberlite and lamproite pipes.
Field identification & locations
Diamonds can be identified by their extreme hardness (able to scratch corundum), adamantine luster, and high dispersion. Common locations include Africa, Russia, Australia, and Canada.
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Cubic Zirconia (or possibly Diamond)
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