gemstone
Diamond
Carbon (C)
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Clear/Colorless (D-Z scale), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Specific Gravity: 3.52
- Luster
- Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Specific Gravity: 3
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Clear/Colorless (D-Z scale), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic, Specific Gravity: 3.52
Formation & geological history
Formed at high pressure and temperature in the Earth's mantle (140-190 km deep) billions of years ago, then brought to the surface by kimberlite eruptions.
Uses & applications
Premium gemstone for jewelry (engagement rings), industrial abrasives, cutting tools, and high-tech heat sinks.
Geological facts
Diamonds are the hardest natural substance on Earth. Most natural diamonds are between 1 billion and 3.5 billion years old.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its exceptional brilliance (fire), hardness (scratches all other minerals), and high thermal conductivity. Commonly found in Kimberlite pipes in Africa, Russia, Canada, and Australia.
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Cubic Zirconia (or possibly Diamond)
Zirconium dioxide (or Carbon)
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Faceted Gemstone
Unknown transparent mineral, possibly Diamond (C), Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2), Quartz (SiO2), or Glass
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