mineral

Diamond

Carbon (C)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (common) to various hues, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Isometric-Hexoctahedral (Cubic), Cleavage: Perfect in four directions, Specific Gravity: 3.5-3.53

Identified June 28, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed under high temperature and pressure conditions deep within the Earth's mantle (140-190 km) over 1 to 3.5 billion years. Transported to the surface by deep-origin volcanic eruptions (kimberlite or lamproite pipes).

Uses & applications

Commonly used in high-end jewelry (engagement rings), industrial cutting, grinding, and drilling tools, and as thermal conductors in electronics.

Geological facts

Diamonds are the hardest natural substance known to man. Most natural diamonds are billions of years old. The word comes from the Greek 'adamas', meaning unbreakable.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its extreme hardness, high refractive index (brilliance), and thermal conductivity. Commonly found in alluvial deposits or within kimberlite pipes in locations like South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Australia.