sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brownish-gold to reddish-brown, Luster: Vitreous to greasy, Structure: Microcrystalline quartz, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture)
- Hardness
- 6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brownish-gold to reddish-brown, Luster: Vitreous to greasy, Structure: Microcrystalline quartz, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture)
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal environments or sedimentary beds where silica-rich fluids permeate porous rock or ash. Many specimens are millions of years old, often originating in volcanic or oceanic deposits.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry (beads, cabochons), lapidary art, and as a decorative stone for collection.
Geological facts
Jasper is a variety of chalcedony that is opaque due to the light-scattering impurities it contains. Ancient civilizations used it for seals and amulets.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its waxy luster and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. It is frequently found in riverbeds and on beaches as water-worn pebbles.
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