sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Brick-red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull/waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline quartz); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick-red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull/waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Brick-red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull/waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline quartz); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into volcanic ash or fine-grained sediments. Its distinctive red color is caused by the inclusion of iron oxide (hematite) during the deposition process. It is often found in banded iron formations or as nodules in sedimentary rocks.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in jewelry for cabochons, beads, and carvings. It is also used in decorative masonry, as a lapidary stone for tumbling, and in metaphysical/spirituality practices as a 'root chakra' gemstone.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used as a gemstone since antiquity; it was mentioned in the Bible and used by ancient Egyptians for amulets. The name is derived from the Greek 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'. It is a variety of chalcedony that is opaque, unlike translucent agates.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its deep red color, total opacity (even at thin edges), and its ability to scratch glass. It is commonly found in India, Brazil, Australia, and the western United States (especially Oregon and Idaho). Collectors look for uniform color or unique 'brecciated' patterns.
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