sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Arenite with Iron Oxide staining (Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan to yellowish-brown with orange/rust streaks; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None; SG: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan to yellowish-brown with orange/rust streaks
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan to yellowish-brown with orange/rust streaks; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/clastic; Cleavage: None; SG: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. These are typically deposited in deserts, riverbeds, or beaches. The orange staining indicates the presence of iron oxide (rust) during or after lithification.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing if pure silica is present, and as a common specimen for educational geological collections.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and often preserves records of ancient environments, such as fossilized ripples from water or wind.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. It is extremely common worldwide specifically in dry canyon regions or near ancient coastal environments.
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