sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily Quartz, SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, or brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, beige, or brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, or brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed via the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as a building material, paving stones, and for manufacturing glass or abrasive materials.

Geological facts

Sandstone can preserve fossil footprints and ripple marks from ancient water bodies, acts as a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Found globally in canyon walls and sedimentary basins. Scratching it often releases individual sand grains.