metamorphic
Eclogite
Eclogite (Omphacite + Pyrope-Almandine Garnet)
Hardness: 6.5-7.5. Color: Distinctive 'Christmas Tree' rock with green pyroxene (omphacite) and red to pink garnet. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Structure: Coarse-grained granular. Specific Gravity: 3.2-3.6.
- Hardness
- 6
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7.5. Color: Distinctive 'Christmas Tree' rock with green pyroxene (omphacite) and red to pink garnet. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Structure: Coarse-grained granular. Specific Gravity: 3.2-3.6.
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme pressure and high temperature conditions deep within the Earth's mantle or subduction zones (eclogite facies). It represents the metamorphism of basaltic or gabbroic oceanic crust.
Uses & applications
Primarily of scientific interest for studying mantle dynamics; occasionally used as a heavy-duty aggregate or as a minor decorative stone/gemstone if the garnets are high quality.
Geological facts
Eclogite is often called the 'Christmas Tree Rock' because of its bright green and red colors. It is one of the densest silicate rocks and can contain tiny diamonds if formed at sufficient depths.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the striking contrast of green pyroxene and red garnets in a dense, heavy matrix. Often found in xenoliths within kimberlite pipes or in high-pressure metamorphic terranes like the Alps or Norway.
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