sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (specifically Quartz Arenite)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (grains of sand); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 19, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (grains of sand); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed via the accumulation of sand-sized mineral grains, mostly quartz and feldspar, in environments like riverbeds, deserts, or beaches, followed by lithification over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Widely used as a construction material (building stone), as an abrasive in industrial manufacturing, and as a reservoir rock for water and petroleum.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and often records ancient migration patterns of sand dunes or tidal currents in its layering.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering (cross-bedding). It is found globally, particularly in areas with ancient desert or marine history.