igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic rock (Quartz-Alkali Feldspar-Plagioclase)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (cream, tan, black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspars; Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt and pepper (cream, tan, black)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (cream, tan, black); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (visible crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspars; Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a felsic, intrusive rock typically found in continental crust and can be hundreds of millions to billions of years old.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest substances in the world. It is the most common igneous rock found on Earth's continents and makes up the core of many mountain ranges.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its coarse-grained texture and speckled appearance consisting of quartz and feldspar. Found globally in continental landmasses, riverbeds as tumbled pebbles, and mountain outcrops.
